Sweet itch in horses: from-annoying itch to serious challenge
Whether you enjoy relaxed trail rides or train daily toward the highest level: a horse that constantly rubs its tail and mane is frustrating for you and uncomfortable for your horse. Sweet itch is a common, recurring skin condition that not only causes irritation but can also impact performance, recovery, and your horse’s appearance.
In this blog, we’ll take a closer look at what sweet itch is, how to recognize it, and what you can do to protect your horse from insects.
What is sweet itch?
Sweet itch is caused by an allergic reaction to the saliva of tiny biting midges: Culicoides robertii, also known as gnats. These insects are active in warm, windless weather—especially at dusk, dawn, and during twilight hours. Horses that are sensitive will react with intense itching, especially around the mane, tail base, and sometimes along the belly.
Interestingly, sweet itch can develop at any time. Even horses that have gone through many summers without a problem can suddenly show symptoms. It can affect both leisure horses and top-level sport horses. Genetic predisposition, immunity, and environment all often play a role.
How to recognize sweet itch
- Watch for these signs:
- Rubbing the tail or mane
- Bald patches, scabs, or flaking
- Thickened skin or small sores
- Restlessness in warm or humid weather
The sooner you recognize the itch, the better you can prevent the symptoms from getting worse.
Protection from insects
For many horses, an eczema or fly rug is the first—and often most important—form of protection. These rugs cover the entire body, including the neck and belly, and help limit contact with midges. For sensitive horses, this isn’t a luxury, even if it may not look particularly stylish.
Also, make sure your horse isn’t in the wrong place at the wrong time. On hot, windless days, keep your horse stabled during the day and turn them out at night. Avoid pastures near wooded areas or standing water—these are ideal breeding grounds for midges.
Support through feed and supplements
In addition to external protection, the right nutrition can also help reduce symptoms. A balanced diet, tailored to your horse’s energy needs and sensitivities, provides a solid foundation.
There are also several supplements available, such as equielite SI-P, that are used to support the skin from within. Always consult your vet to determine what’s right for your horse and your situation.
Important to remember: feed and supplements are supportive, but they don’t cure the issue. Sweet itch requires a broad approach that takes multiple factors into account.
Relieve the itch: break the cycle
The intense itching caused by the allergic reaction leads to rubbing, which damages the skin and that damage, in turn, increases the itch. That’s why it’s essential to care for the skin actively.
Apply anti-itch sprays or gels to sensitive areas like the mane, tail, and belly. Choose skin-friendly products and observe how your horse responds. Regular treatment can help soothe the itching, support skin recovery, and prevent further damage.
When symptoms persist
Sometimes, symptoms are so severe that extra measures are necessary. If rugs, care, and nutrition aren’t enough, your vet might suggest medication. This could include anti-inflammatories or injections that temporarily suppress the immune system. These treatments are usually reserved for serious cases and always used with caution, due to potential side effects like laminitis.
In closing: consider the full picture
Sweet itch is complex and calls for a tailored approach. No two horses are the same, what works for one might not work for another. That’s why it’s important to look at the full picture: nutrition, care, protection, housing, and timing.
By recognizing symptoms early and combining the right strategies, you’ll give your horse - whether you're headed out on a quiet hack or preparing for the next competition - the best chance at a comfortable, itch-free summer.